한국토양비료학회지의 초록 작성 규정이 아래와 같이 변경되어, 2026년 8월호부터 적용되니, 회원 여러분께서는 변경된 규정에 따라 초록을 작성하여 논문을 투고해주시기 바랍니다.

1. 초록 양식: Purposes, Methods, Results, Conclusions으로 구분하여 작성
2. 초록 영문: 초록 초안을 작성한 후, 원어민 영문 교정 또는 AI 영문 프로그램 이용 영문 교정 의무화

<예시 1>

Purposes Soil fertility has often been overlooked compared to salinity for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation in coastal saline paddies. This study investigated the changes in soil fertility of coastal paddies under desalinization and quantified the joint effects of salinity and fertility on rice growth and yield under natural field conditions.
Methods Soil and rice samples were collected from 186 coastal paddies in southwestern Korea. Soils were analyzed for salinity indices, including electrical conductivity of saturated soil paste (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and for fertility parameters, such as soil organic matter (SOM), mineral nitrogen (N), and available phosphorus (P). Correlation analysis and random forest (RF) modeling were employed to quantify the relative contributions of salinity and fertility to rice biomass and yield variability.
Results Decreased ECe (0.9~25.7 dS m⁻¹) was accompanied by increased SOM, mineral N, and available P. Rice biomass (0.1~3.1 kg m⁻²) and grain yield (<0.1~1.8 kg m⁻²) were negatively correlated with salinity and positively with fertility. RF modeling revealed that NH₄⁺ (45.4%) and available P (12.4%) predominantly influenced vegetative biomass growth, whereas SAR (13.5%) and ECe (8.5%) were more influential for grain yield at reproductive stage.
Conclusions These findings highlight that rice biomass and yield are co-regulated by both soil fertility and salinity under desalinization, with distinct controlling factors for each growth stage in nutrient-limited coastal soils. Managing fertility dur- ing vegetative growth and salinity during reproductive stages are crucial for sustainable rice production in nutrient-limited coastal soils under desalinization.

<예시 2>
Purposes  It is unclear whether a higher biochar (BC) application rate enhances rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield and reduces CH4 emissions. This study investigated changes in rice yield and CH4 emissions with varying BC application rates.
Methods  Data on rice yield and CH4 emission from paddies amended with or without BC were collected from the literature, and the biochar effects were analyzed using the data set.
Results Across the biochar application rate from 2 to 48 t ha-1, the rice yield increased (by 10.8%) while the area-scaled (by 14.4%) and yield-scaled CH4 emission (by 22.2%) decreased. However, the correlation of BC application rates with rice yield and CH4 mitigation was not significant, implying that a higher BC application rate did not enhance rice yield and CH4 reduction. Interestingly, for a data set showing increased rice yield and decreased CH4 emission by BC, the magnitude of change in the rice yield and CH4 mitigation per unit weight of BC (1 t ha-1) decreased with an increase in the BC application rate. These results suggest that BC effects on rice yield and CH4 mitigation are not additive, probably because of the decreases in the inherent capacity of unit weight of BC to enhance rice yield and reduce CH4 emission, which might be caused by the adverse effects of toxic compounds contained in BC, losses of BC, and a higher degree of nutrient immobilization by BC. 
Conclusions Annual BC application at a low rate (e.g., 2 t ha-1) rather than a luxury application may be an effective and economical strategy for long-term rice yield enhancement and CH4 mitigation using BC.